Instructions: Read the
following passage carefully and answer questions:
Traditional Indian Values must be
viewed both from the angle of the individual and from that of the
geographically delimited agglomeration of peoples or groups enjoying a common
system of leadership which we call the 'State'. The Indian 'State's' special
feature is the peaceful, or perhaps mostly peaceful, co-existence of social
groups of various historical provenances which manually adhere in a
geographical, economic and political sense, without ever assimilating to each
other in social terms, in ways of thinking, or even in language. Modern Indian law
will determine certain rules, especially in relation to the regime of the
family, upon the basis of hwo the loin-cloth is tied, or how the turban is
worn, for this may identify the litigants as members of a regional group, and
therefore as participants in it traditional law, though their ancestors left
the region three or four centuries earlier. The use of the word 'State' above
must not mislead us. There was no such thing as a conflict between the
individual and the State, at least before foreign governments became
established, just as there was no concept of state 'sovereignty' or of any
church-and-state dichotomy.
Modem Indian 'secularism' has an
admittedly peculiar feature: It requires the state to make a fair distribution
of attention amongst all religions. These blessed aspects of India's famed
tolerance (Indian kings to rarely persecuted religious groups that the
exceptions prove the rule) at once struck Portuguese and other European
visitors to the West Coast of India in the sixteenth century, and the
impression made upon them in this and other ways gave rise, at one remove, to
the basic constitution of Thomas More's Utopia. There is little about modern India that strikes one at once as Utopian but
the insistence upon the inculcation of norms, and the absense of bigotry
and institutionalized
exploitation of human or natural resources, are two very different features
which link the realities of India
and her tradition with the essence of all Utopians.
1. Which of the following is a special feature of the
Indian state?
(A) peaceful co-existence of people under a common system
of leadership
(B) peaceful co-existence of social groups of different
historical provenances attached to each other in a geographical, economical and
political sense
(C) Social integration of all groups
(D) Cultural assimilation of all social groups
2. The author uses the word 'State' to highlight
(A) Antagonistic relationship between the state and the
individual throughout the period of history.
(B) Absence of conflict between the state and the
individuals upto a point in time.
(C) The concept of state sovereignty
(D) Dependence of religion
3. Which one is the peculiar feature of modern Indian
'secularism'?
(A) No discrimination on religious considerations
(B) Total indifference to religion
(C) No space for social identity
(D) Disregard for social law
4. The basic construction of Thomas More's Utopia was
inspired by
(A) Indian tradition of religious tolerance
(B) Persecution of religious groups by Indian rulers
(C) Social inequality in India
(D) European perception of Indian State
5. What is the striking feature of modern
(A) A replica of Utopian
State
(B) Uniform Laws
(C) Adherance to traditional values
(D) Absense of Bigotry
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