This is Set 36 of 60 in the smartvidya question bank on Teaching Aptitude (UGC NET Paper 1, Unit I). Part V: Teaching support systems. This set covers Hardware and software approaches, systems approach and modern classroom technology.
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Set 36: Modern Teaching Aids and Educational Technology
1. The hardware approach in educational technology refers to
(a) the use of hard textbooks
(b) the use of machines and equipment such as projectors and computers in teaching
(c) the use of psychological principles to design instruction
(d) the use of strict discipline
Ans. (b) the use of machines and equipment such as projectors and computers in teaching — Explanation: The hardware approach draws on physical sciences and engineering to provide teaching equipment. [Ref: Approaches to educational technology]
2. The software approach in educational technology refers to
(a) the purchase of equipment
(b) the use of computer programs only
(c) the maintenance of machines
(d) the application of principles of psychology to develop teaching–learning materials and methods
Ans. (d) the application of principles of psychology to develop teaching–learning materials and methods — Explanation: The software approach, based on behavioural science, includes programmed learning and instructional design. [Ref: Approaches to educational technology]
3. The systems approach in education views teaching as
(a) a system with inputs, processes, outputs and feedback
(b) only a collection of machines
(c) a random set of activities
(d) an unplanned activity
Ans. (a) a system with inputs, processes, outputs and feedback — Explanation: The systems approach analyses all components and their interaction to achieve objectives efficiently. [Ref: Systems approach]
4. In the systems approach, the purpose of feedback is to
(a) end the process
(b) punish teachers
(c) evaluate outputs and improve the inputs and processes
(d) avoid evaluation
Ans. (c) evaluate outputs and improve the inputs and processes — Explanation: Feedback allows continuous improvement of the system. [Ref: Systems approach]
5. An interactive whiteboard (smart board) allows the teacher to
(a) only display printed charts
(b) control computer content by touching the board and annotate it
(c) play audio only
(d) only write with chalk
Ans. (b) control computer content by touching the board and annotate it — Explanation: Interactive whiteboards connect to a computer and projector, allowing touch control and digital annotation. [Ref: Interactive whiteboard]
6. A document camera (visualiser) is used to
(a) record students' attendance
(b) display live images of documents or objects on a screen
(c) store data
(d) print documents
Ans. (b) display live images of documents or objects on a screen — Explanation: It projects books, objects or demonstrations in real time, replacing the older opaque projector. [Ref: Document camera]
7. The Association for Educational Communications and Technology (AECT) defines educational technology as the study and ethical practice of
(a) making films for entertainment
(b) repairing electronic equipment
(c) building computers for schools
(d) facilitating learning and improving performance through appropriate technological processes and resources
Ans. (d) facilitating learning and improving performance through appropriate technological processes and resources — Explanation: The 2008 AECT definition emphasises facilitating learning, improving performance and ethical practice. [Ref: AECT definition (2008)]
8. Educational technology is best described as
(a) only the use of computers
(b) the systematic application of scientific knowledge to improve teaching and learning
(c) a subject of engineering
(d) only the use of television
Ans. (b) the systematic application of scientific knowledge to improve teaching and learning — Explanation: It covers both hardware and software and the systematic design of learning. [Ref: Educational technology]
9. Instructional technology mainly deals with
(a) administrative records
(b) sports equipment
(c) building school buildings
(d) designing, developing and evaluating instruction to achieve learning objectives
Ans. (d) designing, developing and evaluating instruction to achieve learning objectives — Explanation: Instructional technology focuses on effective instruction using appropriate methods and media. [Ref: Instructional technology]
10. An LCD projector connected to a laptop is used mainly to
(a) scan books
(b) print documents
(c) record sound
(d) project digital presentations, videos and images
Ans. (d) project digital presentations, videos and images — Explanation: LCD projectors display digital content to the whole class. [Ref: Modern teaching aids]
11. Presentation software such as PowerPoint is most effective when slides
(a) are full of text read aloud word by word
(b) are shown very quickly
(c) contain key points and visuals rather than long paragraphs
(d) use many animations without purpose
Ans. (c) contain key points and visuals rather than long paragraphs — Explanation: Concise slides with visuals support the speaker without overloading learners. [Ref: Presentation tools]
12. "Death by PowerPoint" refers to
(a) a type of animation
(b) dull presentations overloaded with text-heavy slides
(c) a software virus
(d) a slide design award
Ans. (b) dull presentations overloaded with text-heavy slides — Explanation: Overuse of text-heavy slides read aloud bores and disengages learners. [Ref: Presentation tools]
13. Robert Gagne's "nine events of instruction" begin with
(a) enhancing retention and transfer
(b) providing feedback
(c) assessing performance
(d) gaining attention
Ans. (d) gaining attention — Explanation: Gagne's sequence starts with gaining attention and ends with enhancing retention and transfer. [Ref: Gagne, nine events of instruction]
14. Which of the following is one of Gagne's nine events of instruction?
(a) Dictating notes
(b) Ignoring feedback
(c) Stimulating recall of prior learning
(d) Punishing errors
Ans. (c) Stimulating recall of prior learning — Explanation: Other events include informing learners of objectives, presenting content, providing guidance and eliciting performance. [Ref: Gagne, nine events of instruction]
15. Gagne's book describing conditions under which different types of learning occur is
(a) The Process of Education
(b) The Conditions of Learning
(c) Models of Teaching
(d) How We Think
Ans. (b) The Conditions of Learning — Explanation: "The Conditions of Learning" (1965) described a hierarchy of learning types and their conditions. [Ref: Gagne (1965)]
16. Augmented reality (AR) in education means
(a) a chalkboard drawing
(b) a fully computer-generated world replacing reality
(c) overlaying digital information on the real-world view
(d) a printed textbook
Ans. (c) overlaying digital information on the real-world view — Explanation: AR adds digital images or information to what the learner sees, often through a phone or tablet. [Ref: Augmented reality]
17. Virtual reality (VR) in education provides
(a) an immersive computer-generated environment
(b) a simple audio recording
(c) a classroom chalkboard
(d) a printed map
Ans. (a) an immersive computer-generated environment — Explanation: VR immerses learners in simulated environments, such as a virtual tour of a monument or the human body. [Ref: Virtual reality]
18. A teacher uses a 3D simulation to show the working of the heart. This mainly helps learners to
(a) avoid learning
(b) memorise words only
(c) visualise complex processes that are hard to observe directly
(d) improve handwriting
Ans. (c) visualise complex processes that are hard to observe directly — Explanation: Simulations make invisible or complex processes visible and interactive. [Ref: Simulations]
19. The "hardware" of educational technology is useful only when combined with
(a) more hardware
(b) higher electricity supply
(c) larger classrooms
(d) suitable software, content and pedagogy
Ans. (d) suitable software, content and pedagogy — Explanation: Equipment alone does not improve learning; it needs good content and teaching strategies. [Ref: Approaches to educational technology]
20. Which of the following is an example of an assistive technology for learners with visual impairment?
(a) Chalkboard
(b) Screen reader software
(c) Silent film
(d) Printed chart
Ans. (b) Screen reader software — Explanation: Screen readers convert text on a computer screen into speech or Braille output. [Ref: Assistive technology]
21. Which of these devices allows learners to answer questions instantly and lets the teacher see class results immediately?
(a) Classroom response system (clickers or online polling)
(b) Epidiascope
(c) Flannel board
(d) Globe
Ans. (a) Classroom response system (clickers or online polling) — Explanation: Response systems collect answers from all students and display summary results. [Ref: Classroom response systems]
22. Educational technology mainly aims to make teaching and learning
(a) more effective and efficient
(b) less interactive
(c) more complex
(d) more expensive
Ans. (a) more effective and efficient — Explanation: It seeks better learning outcomes with optimal use of resources. [Ref: Educational technology]
23. Instructional design models are used mainly to
(a) plan school buildings
(b) design school uniforms
(c) plan instruction systematically from needs analysis to evaluation
(d) decorate classrooms
Ans. (c) plan instruction systematically from needs analysis to evaluation — Explanation: Models such as ADDIE guide the systematic development of courses and materials. [Ref: Instructional design]
24. The term "e-content" refers to
(a) educational material in digital form, such as videos, e-texts and interactive modules
(b) an examination schedule
(c) the contents page of a textbook
(d) a list of teachers
Ans. (a) educational material in digital form, such as videos, e-texts and interactive modules — Explanation: E-content can be accessed through computers, mobiles and the internet. [Ref: E-content]
25. Which statement about modern teaching aids is correct?
(a) They support learning best when integrated with sound teaching methods
(b) They are useful only for entertainment
(c) They always guarantee learning
(d) They make the teacher unnecessary
Ans. (a) They support learning best when integrated with sound teaching methods — Explanation: Technology enhances teaching when used purposefully, not as an end in itself. [Ref: Modern teaching aids]
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