51. The ability to access the capabilities over the network through standard mechanisms that promote use by heterogeneous thin or thick client platform is:

(a) On demand service

(b) Rapid elasticity

(c) Ubiquitous Network Access

(d) Location Independent Resource Pooling

Answer: (c)

52. A grouping of services or service components that have specific delivery commitments and roles identified with the customer is:

(a) Service Level Agreements

(b) Service Level Management

(c) Service Level Management Objective

(d) Services Portfolio

Answer: (a)

53. The period of time within which systems, applications or functions must be recovered after an outage is:

(a) Mean Time to Recover

(b) Recovery Time Objective

(c) Recovery Point Objective

(d) Mean Time Return Failure

Answer: (b)

54. The chargeback scheme where the IT costs are defined in measurable events, transactions and functions that are relevant to the business and outside the IT organization is:

(a) Resource or usage based

(b) Allocation based

(c) Activity based costing

(d) Product or service based

Answer: (d)

55. The use of distributed computing facilities for application requiring large computing power over a long period of time is:

(a) High-Performance Computing

(b) High-Throughput Computing

(c) Many Tasks Computing

(d) Distributed Computing

Answer: (b)

56. A small change in either the plaintext or the key producing a significant change in the ciphertext is called:

(a) Feistel effect

(b) Claude Shannon effect

(c) Bit independence effect

(d) Avalanche effect

Answer: (d)

57. Finding an effective linear equation between plaintext, ciphertext and the key that holds with probability 𝑝 ≠0.5 is the objective of:

(a) Differential Cryptanalysis

(b) Linear Cryptanalysis

(c) Brute-Force Attack

(d) Feistel Analysis

Answer: (b)

58. During the design of 𝑆 -boxes used in various cryptographic algorithms, if for a 1-bit input change, at least 𝜋 output bits change, then it satisfies:

(a) Strict avalanche criterion

(b) Bit independence criterion

(c) Permutation criterion

(d) Guaranteed avalanche criterion

Answer: (d)

59. The block cipher mode of operation used for encryption of stream-oriented transmission over noisy channel is:

(a) Electronic Codebook

(b) Output Feedback

(c) Cipher Feedback

(d) Cipher Block Chaining

Answer: (b)

60. A popular approach to generating a secure pseudorandom number is known as:

(a) Pseudorandom Number Generator (PRNG)

(b) Linear Congruential Generator (LCG)

(c) True Random Number Generator (TRNG)

(d) Blum, Blum, Shub Generator (BBS)

Answer: (d)